{"meta":{"created":"2026-10-27","dataset":"低空经济政策种子数据（与政策研究报告 v1、设计 v4、数据计划 v1 并行交付）","fields_note":"model_type 为本站 8 型分型（产业政策型/监管放开型/数字基建型/路线图共识型/国家队实证型/旗舰基建型/普惠制造型/需求牵引型）；timeline_status 与时间表版本为动态层重点维护字段；规模数字均标注口径、只作量级参考。"},"policies":[{"cities":[{"city":"深圳","highlights":"全国首部低空经济地方立法；200 亿元产业基金；载人 eVTOL 销售最高 20% 补贴、研发最高 50% 补贴口径；低空智能融合基础设施"},{"city":"合肥","highlights":"安徽目标 2027 建成全省低空智联网、培育 10 家产值超百亿企业；合翼航空获首批载人 OC"},{"city":"苏州","highlights":"200 亿元低空基金群；签约 251 个项目/总投资逾 730 亿元；低空智行中心 2026 投运"},{"city":"成都","highlights":"军地民联合审批：飞行计划审批 72 小时→4 小时"}],"funding":"20+ 省市专项产业基金，总规模超 1,000 亿元（设立口径）；国资出资占比高","gaps":["各城市基金区分设立规模与实际投出口径，入库前逐项核政府公告","审批时长类字段需城市官方口径复核"],"iso2":"CN","level":"国家战略 + 省级规划（30 省入报告/规划）+ 城市执行","local_term":"低空经济","model_type":"产业政策型","priority_scenarios":["无人机物流","低空文旅","城市治理与巡检","载人 UAM 试点"],"scale_signals":{"flight_hours_2025":"4,530 万小时","registered_drones_2025":"328.7 万架"},"sources":[{"lang":"zh","what":"券商深度研报转引各级政府文件与民航局数据"},{"lang":"zh","what":"行业媒体对新《民用航空法》与 6 城试点的梳理"}],"strategy_docs":["2024 政府工作报告：低空经济列为战略性新兴产业","修订《民用航空法》：低空空域资源配置与监管服务平台入法","中央空管委 6 城 eVTOL 试点（合肥/杭州/深圳/苏州/成都/重庆）：600m 以下空域管理权下放地方"],"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"funding":"私人资本为主；联邦以规则与试点计划牵引","gaps":["Part 108 终版发布时间动态监测，发布即触发更新"],"iso2":"US","level":"联邦战略 + FAA 立法 + 州级协同（30+ 州多州协作体）","local_term":"Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)","model_type":"监管放开型","priority_scenarios":["包裹配送","农业","长距巡检","eVTOL 城际/城市运营"],"sources":[{"lang":"en","what":"DOT/FAA 文件与行业解读（NPRM、国家战略要点）"}],"strategy_docs":["EO 14307《Unleashing American Drone Dominance》(2025-06)","Part 108 NPRM：BVLOS 标准化许可（2025-08）+ Part 146 自动化数据服务商/UTM 认证","eVTOL Integration Pilot Program (eIPP, 2025-09)","《AAM National Strategy 2026–2036》(2025-12)"],"timeline":{"aam":"2027 有限运营 → 2030 城乡扩展","part108_final":"原定 2026-02 前，逾期；业界预期 2026 年内、2027 分阶段合规"},"timeline_status":"后移监测中（时间表版本史样板条目）","verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"funding":"欧洲投资银行咨询与贷款平台 + 成员国投入","gaps":["各成员国 U-space 实际部署进度逐国核验（二期）"],"iso2":"EU","level":"欧盟战略 + 成员国执行","local_term":"Drone Strategy 2.0 / U-space / Innovative Air Mobility","model_type":"数字基建型","priority_scenarios":["医疗急救配送","城市服务","巡检与测绘"],"sources":[{"lang":"en","what":"欧盟委员会战略文件与 SESAR 实施进展"},{"lang":"en","what":"Drone Strategy 2.0 中期评估咨询报道 (2026-07)"}],"status_note":"2026 年中期评估咨询进行中；在地痛点：成员国解释不一、U-space 部署迟缓","strategy_docs":["《Drone Strategy 2.0》(2022-11，19 项旗舰措施)","U-space 系列实施条例 (2021/664 等)"],"targets_2030":["U-space 商用飞行日均 100,000 架次","≥45 个城市/地区开通 IAM 常规商业服务","≥20 个成员国以无人机提供医疗急救服务","EIB 无人机贷款年增 10%"],"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"funding":"财团/JV 共投（银行、保险、交通文旅企业先进场）","gaps":["ConOps 各阶段年份边界以官民协议会原文复核"],"iso2":"JP","level":"国家路线图（国交省+经产省官民协议会）","local_term":"空飛ぶクルマ / 空の移動革命","model_type":"路线图共识型","priority_scenarios":["物流配送","观光","离岛与山区配送"],"sources":[{"lang":"ja","what":"ドローンジャーナル 路线图修订解说（ConOps 阶段）"},{"lang":"ja","what":"产经新闻：关西 15 社共同体与 2028 商用目标、低空经济社会实装报道"}],"strategy_docs":["《空の移動革命に向けたロードマップ》2026-03 修订版（ConOps 四阶段：实证→低密度商用→中高密度→自律高密度）","无人机 Level 4 运行开放（2022 起）与物流扩围"],"timeline":{"note":"万博载客目标未达（降为实证展示）；关西 15 家异业企业共同体目标 2027 设运营 JV、2028 商用"},"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"distinctive_angle":"经济安全与供应链主权（核心部件对华依赖风险、国产化率目标）进入低空政策讨论","gaps":["Grand Challenge 最新阶段进度以国土部发布复核"],"iso2":"KR","level":"国家实证计划（国土交通部）+ 首尔市试点","local_term":"K-UAM (한국형 도심항공교통)","model_type":"国家队实证型","priority_scenarios":["空中出租","物流（大型货运无人机为政策缺口讨论点）"],"sources":[{"lang":"ko","what":"韩国经济/政策报道：K-UAM 后移与中国试点对照"},{"lang":"ko","what":"首尔市 UAM 试点与 vertiport 计划报道"}],"strategy_docs":["K-UAM 路线图与 Grand Challenge 分阶段实证（全罗南道高兴）"],"timeline":{"commercialization":"2025 → 2028（官方后移，机体认证延迟；2025 城市实证以直升机替身完成）","seoul":"汝矣岛等 4 处 vertiport，2026–2030 试运行航线网（市政府口径，年经济效应估 2.2 万亿韩元）"},"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"funding":"政府与主权相关资本主导基建","gaps":["商业载客开航时间以 GCAA/RTA 官方公告为准，动态监测"],"iso2":"AE","level":"联邦民航局 (GCAA) 认证 + 酋长国基建工程","local_term":"Advanced Air Mobility / Future Mobility","milestones":["VDX：全球首个获 GCAA 认证的专用商业 vertiport（2026-07），首期 4 点成网、年设计客流 17 万","直升机场注册审批 135 天 → 2 天","阿布扎比规划 10 个 vertiport 网络"],"model_type":"旗舰基建型","priority_scenarios":["空中出租","旗舰城市展示","自动驾驶综合试点"],"sources":[{"lang":"en","what":"WAM 与 The National：VDX 认证与审批压缩报道"}],"strategy_docs":["GCAA eVTOL 与 vertiport 认证体系","迪拜 Air Taxi 网络计划（RTA × Joby 等）"],"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"funding":"PIF 主权基金驱动","gaps":["GACA 具体认证规则进度需阿拉伯语/官方英文源复核（二期补阿语检索）"],"iso2":"SA","level":"国家愿景工程","local_term":"Vision 2030 / NEOM UAM","model_type":"旗舰基建型","priority_scenarios":["未来城交通","空中出租"],"sources":[{"lang":"en","what":"GCC eVTOL 行业综述（沙特与 NEOM 投入）"}],"strategy_docs":["Vision 2030 未来出行板块","NEOM 内置 UAM 走廊与 vertiport 规划"],"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"funding":"中央补贴（制造 PLI + 购机补贴）+ GST 降至 5%","gaps":["各邦补贴细则差异大，城市/邦层二期展开"],"iso2":"IN","level":"中央规则 + 制造激励 + 邦级农业推广","local_term":"Drone Rules 2021 / PLI / Drone Didi","model_type":"普惠制造型","priority_scenarios":["农业植保与农服租赁","土地记录与测绘","医疗配送试点"],"scale_signals":{"registered_2026_02":"无人机注册 38,500+ 架、远程驾驶员证书近 39,900 张"},"sources":[{"lang":"en","what":"PIB 口径政策梳理（Drishti/NITI 等转引政府数据）"}],"strategy_docs":["Drone Rules 2021 及 2022/2023 修订（大幅简化、绿区扩大、执照改远程驾驶员证书）","Digital Sky 一站式平台","PLI 生产挂钩激励（₹120 crore）","NAMO Drone Didi（₹1,261 crore，15,000 个妇女自助团体、最高 80% 购机补贴）","Kisan Drone 农业推广与 SMAM 购机补贴"],"verified_at":"2026-10-27"},{"expansion":"加纳建成当时全球最大医疗配送网络；肯尼亚 2020 法规设分级框架预留 BVLOS 风险评估通道","funding":"政府长期采购合同 + 援助资金（如美国国务院绩效付费式扩围安排）","gaps":["各国走廊与合同状态变化快，季度复核"],"iso2":"RW","level":"民航局绩效制授权 + 政府采购","local_term":"Performance-based regulation (medical drone delivery)","model_type":"需求牵引型","priority_scenarios":["血液/疫苗/药品配送","农村物流"],"sources":[{"lang":"en","what":"非洲 BVLOS 绩效制监管分析与 Zipline 扩围报道"}],"strategy_docs":["RCAA 自 2016 年以绩效制授权 Zipline 常规 BVLOS 医疗配送（非处方式设备清单，按实证安全绩效授权）"],"verified_at":"2026-10-27"}]}